Transmission normalization is the simplest calibration method used for transmission coefficient measurements (S21 or S12). Measurement of one THRU standard is enough to perform this type of calibration (See figure below). This method is called normalization because the measured S-parameter at each frequency point is divided (normalized) by the corresponding S-parameter of the calibration standard. Transmission normalization corrects the transmission tracking error (Et) only. This constrains the accuracy of the method.
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Transmission normalization can also be referred to as response thru calibration. |
An optional isolation calibration can be performed by measurement of two LOAD standards connected to both test ports of the analyzer. In this case, the isolation error (Ex) is additionally corrected in the transmission normalization.
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For isolation calibration, set a narrow IF bandwidth and firmly attach the cables. |
Transmission normalization
Before starting calibration perform, select an active channel, set the parameters of the channel (frequency range, IF bandwidth, etc), and select the calibration kit.
