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 Network Analyzers using RVNA and RNVNA software

A marker is a tool for numerical readout of a stimulus value and value of the measured parameter in a specific point on the trace. Up to 16 markers can be activated on each trace. A trace with two markers is shown in the figure below.

Two markers

Trace with two markers

The markers allow to perform the following tasks:

Reading absolute values of a stimulus and a measured parameter in selected points on the trace.

Reading relative values of a stimulus and a measured parameter related to the reference point.

Search for specific points on the trace (minimum, maximum, target level, etc.).

Determining trace parameters (statistics, bandwidth, etc.).

Editing stimulus parameters using markers.

Markers can have the following indicators:

1

Symbol and number of the active marker on a trace.

Δ

2

Symbol and number of the inactive marker on a trace.

symbol of active marker

Symbol of the active marker on a stimulus axis.

Δ

Symbol of the inactive marker on a stimulus axis.

The marker data field contains the marker number, stimulus value, and the measured parameter value. The number of the active marker is highlighted in an inverse color.

The marker data field contents vary depending on the display format (rectangular or circular):

In rectangular format, the marker shows the measurement parameter value plotted along Y-axis in the active format (See the table below).

Format Type Description

Label

Data Type (Y-axis)

Measurement Unit (Y-axis)

Logarithmic Magnitude

Log Magnitude

S-parameter logarithmic magnitude: ,

Decibel (dB)

Voltage Standing Wave Ratio

SWR

Dimensionless value

Phase

Phase

S-parameter phase from –180° to +180°:

Degree (°)

Expanded Phase

Expand Phase

S-parameter phase, measurement range expanded to from below –180° to over +180°

Degree (°)

Group Delay

Group Delay

Signal propagation delay within the DUT: ,,

Second (sec.)

Linear Magnitude

Lin Magnitude

S-parameter linear magnitude:

Dimensionless value

Real Part

Real

S-parameter real part:

Dimensionless value

Imaginary Part

Imag

S-parameter imaginary part:

Dimensionless value

Cable Loss

Cable Loss

Decibel (dB)

In circular format, the marker shows three or four values listed in the table below.

Label

Marker Readings (Measurement Unit)

Reading 1

Reading 2

Reading 3

Reading 4

Smith (Lin)

Frequency

Linear magnitude

Phase (°)

Smith (Log)

Frequency

Logarithmic magnitude (dB)

Phase (°)

Smith (Re/Im)

Frequency

Real part

Imaginary part

Smith (R + jX)

Frequency

Resistance (Ω)

Reactance (Ω)

Equivalent capacitance or inductance (F/H)

Smith (G + jB)

Frequency

Conductance (S)

Susceptance (S)

Equivalent capacitance or inductance (F/H)

Polar (Lin)

Frequency

Linear magnitude

Phase (°)

Polar (Log)

Frequency

Logarithmic magnitude (dB)

Phase (°)

Polar (Re/Im)

Frequency

Real part

Imaginary part

Marker Addition


To enable a new marker, use the softkeys Markers > Add Marker on left menu bar.

Marker Marker List



note

The new marker appears as the active marker in the middle of the stimulus axis.


Marker Deletion


To delete a marker, use the softkeys Markers > Delete Marker.

Marker Delete marker



note

The active marker is highlighted in the Marker List dialog.


Marker Activation


To activate a marker, use the softkey Marker. In the Marker List dialog click on the marker number to activate it.

Marker Active marker two



note

A marker can be activated by clicking on it.


Marker Stimulus Value Setting

The active marker must be selected before setting the marker stimulus value. The stimulus value must be set by entering the numerical value from the keyboard, by arrows, by dragging the marker using the mouse (See Marker Stimulus Value Setting), or by enabling the search function (See Marker Position Search Functions).


To set the marker stimulus value, use the softkey Marker. Select a required marker from the Marker List dialog. Double click on the marker stimulus value in the table and enter the stimulus value using the on-screen keypad. Complete the setting by clicking Ok.

Marker Marker list 2 Marker Freq



note

To enter the stimulus numerical value in the marker data field, click on it.


Rev.:  24.1